Wall construction



Nov. 24l 1925- J. F. MAKOWSKI WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. s, 1923 INVENTR. Jahn BY Q v ATToRNEY Patented Nov. 24, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN F. MAKOWSKI, OF STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO CALIFORNIA CEDAR PRODUCTS COMPANY, OF STOCKTON, CALIFORNIA.

WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Application led December To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN F. MAKowsKI, a citizen of the United States, residing at Stockton, county of San Joaquin, State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in lVa-ll Construction; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this application.

This invention relates to improvements in the building art, and particularly to wall construction. For various reasons, chief among which is the desire to conserve floor space, particularly in buildings where rental values are figured on the floor area, there has risen a great demand for very thin walls. In constructing such walls, however, it is also necessary that there be no sacrifice of strength, durability, appearance, or resistance to fire and moisture. Also in the construction of such a wall the cost, ease of installation and other commercial elements must be taken into consideration.

Heretofore there has been considerable effort to produce thin walls by working plastic material, metal lath, or similar elements supported by thin rigid channel irons or similar construction. This has been more or less unsatisfactory for the reason that the labor involved is too great, the results obtained are not entirely satisfactory, and furthermore in case of fire the metal would bulge towards the lire and the plastic material would then drop off, with the result that the fire could then pass through. It will also be apparent that such a wall construction is not moisture proof.

After many years of careful study of the situation and experiment, I have discovered that it is possible to build a thin studless wall of the type required (which must be about two inches thick) with the use of a thin imperforate plaster board constructed substantially as set forth in my co-pending application for patent, Serial No. 641,964, wherein the plaster composition is hardened and set and adhered permanently between two paper sheets.

By the use of such a board as a center core for the wall, lthe wall may be built e, 1923. serial No. 679,323.

without any studding or other supporting elements whatsoever.

In the drawings similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several views:

Fig. l designates a section of wall construction in accordance with my improved method.

\ Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the initial elements used in the "commencement of the building of the wall.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view` showing how I permanently build in the bucks for door and window casings.

Referring now more particularly to the characters of reference on the drawings, the numeral la designates an initial groove cut or formed in the floor of the building whereever my improved partition wall is to be erected. Since my improved wall is particularly intended for class A buildings the floor l is usually of concrete and the groove la is made of a width not to exceed the desired thickness of the wall.

Centrally in this groove I place the lower end of the wall board 2, preferably of the type shown in the above mentioned application, which board is relatively thin and inflexible, and preferably imperforate or solid.

The wall board, usually in unbroken, vertical strips, extends to the ceiling 3, also of wall board or metal lath, laid previous to lforming the partition walls. If desired, a metal channel 4L of light but rigid const-ruction may be tied or secured to the ceiling and to the wall board in any suitable manner, to form a backing for the upper end of the latter, although this is not necessary as the plaster will bond the wall securely to the ceiling.

The wall board is then ready to be plastered as hereinafter set forth, but before doing so it is usually found desirable to provide a temporary backing or reinforcing for one side thereof, to prevent deflection of the thin wall board during the plastering operations.

This backing or staging preferably consists of a horizontal wooden sill 5, temporarily secured on the Hoor against the wall board, and uprights 6 similarly secured on the sill and extending to the ceiling. Wherever there is a` joint between the strips of wall board, said joint. is overlapped by an rigid backing for the Wall `board,ithe stag-l ing is removed, anda similar base coat of plaster is appliedto the face of the board against which the staging was set.

Both!1 sides are thencoated With finish surface of plaster 9 (Which is also applied to the ceiling), so that the total thickness of the `finished Wall. is approximately two inches.- 7; v

The groove lEL in' the .floor isofa` Width suiiicient to# receive some 1ri not all ofv "the thickness of .the plaster; thereby tying 1 the Wall board -into the floor.v Y By meansof this lconstructionit Willv be seen that the Wal-l board forms a central inflexible and imperforate -core for the 7Wall which is impervious to moisture, fireproof, andyetofv suiiicientrigidity to make a firm, nonbreakable Wall.

My improved Wall board core lends itself very nice-lylto theinstallation of permanent bucksfor door and Window casings, and in this respect I form the kbucks of' pieces of Wood 10 of suitable size, and of a-width equal to that of thelinished Wall, nailed permanently to the vvallboardQ onfboth. sides', around the doorand Windowiope'nings as shown in Fig. 3. These boards a-lso forrnva stop and gage for the plaster.A

wWhen it is considered that the wall board itself is only approximately three-eighths of an inchv thick, and is made up very cheaply, and that the base coat and finishing coat of plastic materials 4f and 5 may be uickly and cheaply surfaced thereover, and't iat the'finished yWall stands "Without studding or other supporting elements, it will be apparent that my improved Wall construction Will be very inexpensive and-easily placed, while at the saine time affording all of the advantages required.

The'two surface sheets ofpaper 2a onthe centercore-lend great tensile strength tothe Wall.

From'the foregoing description it will be readily seen that I have produced? such a device as substantially fulfills the objectsy ofthe invention as set forth herein.

While -this specification sets forthl in detail the vpresent-and preferred constructionof the device, still in practice such deviations from such detail may be resorted to as do not form a departure from the spirit ofthe invention, as defined by the appended claims'.`

Having thus described my invention'what I` claim asneW and vuseful and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s:

l. A 'Wall construction including asingle continuous imperforate fire proof sheet of material extending.' from a fioor -to a ceiling and being supported only at-its ends', and plaster adhered to the core.

2.,'Awval1 lconstruction including a center core comprising a single continuous sheet of plaster- Wall board extending from a lfloor to a ceiling and supported only at its ends, and plaster adheredto'the core.:

In testimony-whereof "I. affix my signature.

JOHN Fi. MAKOWSKL 

